M-Health e empoderamento em saúde: proposta alternativa para o fortalecimento das ações de controle do câncer do colo do útero

Abstract

Introduction: Although cervical cancer (CC) is one of the most incident neoplasms in the female population, when it is diagnosed early, the healing potential can reach 100%. To date, the control actions of this disease in Brazil are based on the tracking of precursor lesions that is carried out opportunistically, with the target population having the autonomy to join or not to join the program. In this context, the empowerment of the target population with information about preventive methods can help strengthen the actions to control this type of cancer. Objective: Thus, the objective of this dissertation was to propose the use of m-Health in women's empowerment focus of the CC control program. Methodology: These are four independent studies carried out at the Basic Health Units and Women's Clinic in the city of Maringá / Pr. The target audience were women over the age of 20 years focusing on the CC control programs. The studies were carried out in three stages, the first stage refers to analyzes of the electronic medical records of patients referred to the woman's clinic who presented a report of the cytopathological examination with alteration. In the second stage, questionnaires were applied to a sample of the women assisted by the family strategy teams in order to identify the profile of access to the technologies and knowledge on topics related to the CC. Step 3 refers to the layout construction of an application directed to the CC. Results: The results were organized in the form of four articles. The first study showed that between 2009 and 2015 there was a higher prevalence of cervical malignancies in the city, of the 173 charts analyzed 101 referred to these malignancies, the most used treatment procedure were surgeries, In relation to the time elapsed between diagnosis and referral to the appropriate therapeutic course the interval was 2 to 15 days. In the second study we investigated the women's perception of CC screening actions on preventive methods and access to technologies. Of the 396 participants in the study, 87% know what CC is and 93% know about the existence of preventive exams, 89.11% of women have cell phones, 50.63% of them prefer to access the internet through the cell phone. In the third study we showed that those who access the Internet more frequently, mainly social networks, are more subject to risk behaviors for the CC, however, those that use to do research or access government portals are more likely to consult regularly With gynecologists and get to know about the HPV vaccine. The fourth article presented a layout of an application aimed at women empowerment focus of CCU's control actions. Conclusion: The results obtained in article 1 suggest that lesions have been diagnosed late and adherence to screening has not been efficient. The data in article 2 suggest that, although women with basic information, women still do not adhere effectively to screening. The information in article 3 points to the potential of the Internet as a health education tool, provided that the quality and clarity of the information available promotes empowerment. The fourth and last study points out the importance of health applications to use clear and simple language, with technical contents emphasizing the use of images and tables, as well as the use of short phrases and large fonts, producing attractive content that is easy to understand.