Inoculação de Azospirillum brasilense na cultura do milho: aliando produtividade e sustentabilidade

Abstract

Reducing the use of fertilizers, especially nitrogen fertilizers, without the corn crop suffering sharp decreases in productivity is a growing need. Thus, the objective was to evaluate the efficiency of inoculation via planting furrow with the bacterium Azospirillum brasilense in the development and productivity of corn plants of the hybrid P3310 VYHR. The research was developed in Maringá-PR, conducted in a randomized block design, with 5 treatments and 5 replications. The treatments being: T1: 67 kg of N in coverage; T2: 67 kg of N in coverage + inoculation with Azospirillum brasilense; T3: 42 kg/ha of N in top dressing + inoculation with Azospirillum brasilense; T4: 17 kg/ha of N in top dressing + inoculation with Azospirillum brasilense. T5: only inoculation with Azospirillum brasilense. The following parameters were evaluated: root length, plant length, weight of a thousand grains, yield and economic return. Inoculation with Azospirillum brasilense via the planting furrow associated with a dose of 67 kg.ha-1 of nitrogen in topdressing provided an increase of about 10.48% (3.72 sacks.ha-1), a greater economic return, greater root length and plant height. And the inoculation with Azospirillum brasilense via the planting furrow associated with a dose of 42 kg.ha-1 of nitrogen in topdressing made it possible to reduce by 25% the application of nitrogen fertilizers. Thus, it was found that the application of Azospirillum brasilense via the planting furrow helps in the sustainability of agricultural production, helping to increase productivity and reduce the use of nitrogen fertilizers.