Influência da remoção do meristema apical no crescimento e desenvolvimento de plantas de soja em condições de campo.

Abstract

The soya (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) is one of the main crops in the world, being responsible for a large part of the Brazilian economy in the production of grain, bran and oil. Soya pruning is important for plant development and productivity per hectare. The objective of the research was to evaluate the behavior of soya subjected to different apical pruning (development and productivity). In the experiment, the Soybean variety Monsoy 6410 IPRO was used: submitted to eight treatments: T1 - without pruning, T2 - without pruning + foliar fertilizer, T3 - mechanical pruning, T4 - mechanical pruning + foliar fertilizer, T5 - chemical pruning, T6 - chemical pruning + foliar fertilizer, T7 - Bioregulator, T8 - Bioregulator + foliar fertilizer, with 5 repetitions each. 16 m² were cultivated, between August/2020 and July/2021, in Maringá – PR. Treatments took place at stage V8. At 30, 45 and 60 days after pruning, they were evaluated: plant height, height of insertion of the first pruning, number of nodes and stem diameter. At the end of the cycle (60 days); the weight of a thousand grains, the number of pruning and the final in productivity each treatment. Statistical analysis of variance ANOVA, Scott-Knott the method at 5% and the Sisvar Program were used. In the sample with mechanical pruning, the soya was smaller at 60 days after treatment (T3 - 99.80 and T4 -97.60 cm). The number of nodes decreased by 50% compared to the control and the productivity was maintained. The result is important for handling varieties with finishing problems.