Perfil epidemiológico de pacientes com DTM muscular atendidos em projeto de extensão de dor no curso de odontologia da Universidade Cesumar

Abstract

Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) are a set of musculoskeletal and neuromuscular conditions that surround the temporomandibular joint (TMJ), masticatory muscles (MM) and other tissues involved. TMD is classically clinically articular or muscular and has a multifactorial origin, co-related to three factors: occlusal, neuromuscular and psychobehavioral. It is a common disease, whose initial diagnosis can be difficult. The most common complaints are tensions, spasms and fatigue due to masticatory or emotional effort, in the region of masticatory muscles and associated structures, which may vary in stimuli of mechanical, irradiated or localized pain, headache, sleep disorders, functional limitation, among others. This study aims to outline the epidemiological profile of patients who seek care in the UNICESUMAR Temporomandibular Disorder and Orofacial Pain extension project, in the city of Maringá-PR. It is a research with an inductive approach, based on documentary research through the analysis of clinical records. 339 medical records were analyzed, between March 2013 and November 2020; in which patients were evaluated using the Research Diagnostic Criteria (RDC / TMD) and Diagnostic Criteria (DC / TMD) questionnaires, following the criteria defined and validated internationally for pathologies linked to muscle type TMD. It was found that the muscular pathologies mainly affect the female gender, in the age group from 25 to 39 years old, and with major comorbidity of neck pain. For the treatment of patients, dry needling therapies, cognitive behavioral counseling, thermotherapy and kinesiotherapy for stretching muscle fibers were performed. The correct diagnosis and the appropriate approach for muscular TMD allows a great improvement in the clinical picture, reducing and controlling pain treatment of the patients treated in the project.