Perfil epidemiológico das vítimas de suicídio no Brasil: Revisão de literatura

Abstract

According to the World Health Organization (WHO), suicide is classified as a conscious and voluntary act whose aims is to end one's own life. In Brazil, studies show that the state with the highest suicide rate is Rio Grande do Sul, and the Northeast region is the one with the lowest rate in the country. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze the profile of suicide victims in Brazil, through a systematic literature review with research carried out in different places in the national territory in order to find out if prevention campaigns can be carried out in the same way form in the whole country or if must be elaborated observing the individual specificities of each state or municipality. After comparing the data obtained, it was possible to establish a pattern among the profiles most affected, it was observed that male people are the most prone to suicidal behavior and are aged 20 to 39 years. There is a complex interaction of factors that are linked to the suicidal outcome, such as age, sexual orientation, breaking of affectional bonds, unemployment, depression, schizophrenia, among others. Therefore, the present study points out that prevention campaigns and the adoption of strategies to prevent suicide must be more specific, in order to better achieve this type of profile. However, they cannot be standardized, since, according to the data obtained, suicide also occurs with other types of people of different age groups.