Nutrigenética e Nutrigenômica no tratamento e prevenção de doenças crônicas não transmissíveis

Abstract

Nutrigenetics and Nutrigenomics studies interactions between nutrients and genetic profiles, bringing a relevant approach to dietary customization. The objective of this article was to present information on Nutrigenomics and Nutrigenetics, the effect of genetic variation in response to diet and how they can be determinants for developing NCDs, as well as to relate the impact of nutrients on gene expression, prevention and treatment of these diseases. A bibliographic survey was carried out by searching sources such as WHO, Google Scholar, Pubmed and Scielo. Studies have indicated associations of polymorphisms with the development of cardiovascular diseases, obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) and cancer. The polymorphisms found were those related to folate C677T, adiponectin G-11377 and þ45 TT, Apolipoprotein Apo E4, Apo E2 and Apo E3 / 3, fat mass and obesity associated FTO rs9939609 A and rs9930506 G, rs174547 of Fatty acid desaturase 1 (FADS1 ), rs7903146 of the transcription factor 7 like2 gene (TCF7L2) and cancerrelated BRCA1. Understand the gene-nutrient interactions and the different metabolic responses involved in NCDs, so that it is possible to guide individualized feeding according to genetic inheritance. Studies in Nutrigenetics and Nutrigenomics are complex and still little explored, highlighting the need to move forward with nutritional science.