Análise dos efeitos colaterais relacionados ao uso de antidepressivos na infância: uma revisão integrativa

Abstract

OBJECTIVES: Analyze the side effects of antidepressants, especially in children, and raise awareness about the rational use, in addition, expose the harm caused by the abuse of this drugs. METHODS: This is an integrative review of the literature on the side effects of antidepressant use in children. For this, the research will include studies with a maximum of 10 years from the date of publication, in addition, only articles with randomized clinical trials will be used. Databases used are LILACS-BIREME (Database of Latin American Literature in Health Science), SciELO (Scientific Electronic Library Online) and PubMed (maintained by the National Library of Medicine). The search will be performed using keywords based on the Health Sciences Descriptors (DeCS) in Portuguese: Antidepressants; adverse reaction; psychopharmacology; child and adolescent and their respective terms in English. RESULTS: The effect of psychotropic drugs is more active and direct in children, contributing to different side effects compared to adults. The use of antidepressants, such as fluoxetine, has been attributed to greater difficulty in adapting in adult life, as well as being related to changes in behavior. Other reported effects include toxicity, weight gain, metabolic syndrome, developmental delay, and activation syndrome. However, antidepressants are related to a decrease in the rate of child suicide. CONCLUSION: Psychiatric disorders have peculiarities in childhood, the way they are treated and the effects generated in the body. It is essential to be aware of the harm caused by antidepressants in children and to know how to analyze the risks and benefits of using these medications.