A influência do glúten na microbiota intestinal: uma revisão sistemática

Abstract

The intestinal microbiota is defined as the variety of microorganisms that make up the intestinal microbial community. This microbiota, when altered, can lead to a deregulation of normal immune effects in the intestinal mucosa, which can be associated with a number of inflammatory and immune-mediated diseases, which can induce the emergence of pathologies due to the non-functioning of these microorganisms. In this context, gluten, by causing alterations in the intestinal microbiota, may be related to the greater risk or not of the emergence of diseases. Based on the importance of the intestinal microbiota for the body and its alteration by gluten, a systematic review was carried out using the SPICE method. The databases used were: SciELO, LILACS, Medline, Pubmed, Google Scholar, Science Direct. 16 articles were selected in the final filtering,which highlight the setbacks caused by both excess gluten and its lack, focusing on the alteration of different bacterial populations and little on the viral microbiota. Although the absence of gluten has demonstrated a reduction in the risk of some diseases, exposure to it also reduced the risk, and in some cases its presence or absence had no influence.