Procedimentos utilizados nas avaliações auditivas e a contribuição da fonoaudiologia no ambiente escolar: revisão sistemática da literatura.

Abstract

School hearing health has as purpose precociously identify hearing changes in children at school age between 5 and 12 years old, the early detection of hearing commitment helps prevent speaking and learning difficulties that harm the life quality of schoolers. The Federal Council of Phonoaudiology at Resolution CFFa Nº 274, 20 of april 2001, that “Dispose about the acting of a phonoaudiologist facing the school hearing triage”, we can understand that not all hearing loss can be noticed only observing the behavior of the student, many are imperceptible at birth or did not have any kind of follow up, even more if presents unilateral hearing loss or light degree, therefore, with audiological exam done by phonoaudiologists, guarantees an accurate diagnosis. Identify the procedures used at hearing appraisal, the contribution and importance of phonoaudiologists at school environment. Literature review, where articles were searched in the SciELO, LILACS, PubMed and Academic Google, having inclusion criteria of national original and regular articles published between the years of 2016 and 2022, that address the theme of school hearing health. The keywords used were: “phonoaudiology”, “school health”, “hearing”, the search being the combination of the three terms. The studies total found were tabulated (n=4) from the inclusion criteria and previous analysis of the abstract. With complete analysis from texts were found four studies related to the present research. From the four studies analyzed, the sample population was of schoolers, and teachers that were submitted to participate in the hearing triages, that were applied in schools by the phonoaudiologists, in other words, questionnaire for the teacher to answer, and actions directed to hearing, that were possible to evaluate the children and identify hearing changes. It was observed that from the four studies, all of them were related to complaints and symptoms of hearing problems, being an issue to the learning of schoolers, and about the lack of qualification of the teacher on how to work and how to identify children with hearing loss. It is concluded that the literature analyzed revels evidences that hearing triage, being accompanied of accions and promotion of hearing health, developed by (PSE) School Health Programme, and when some hearing change is detected, the phonoaudiologist forward the schoolers to specialized service. The present paper also reveals the lack of qualification and knowledge of the teachers on how to work with children that show hearing loss, or how to identify the changes that, on a certain level, damages the schoolers learning.