Análise de erros topográficos: estudo de caso em terrenos com irregularidade

Abstract

The topographic survey is the key piece for civil construction, used since the beginning of the construction, for leasing land and indicating essential factors about the lot such as slope and imperfections for example. Because it is significant, the survey is extremely important to proceed with the construction, influencing costs, foundation, cutting and filling, among other factors, for that reason, it has a great influence on the budget and hiring specialized labor for each type of service, depending on the results achieved in the survey. As it is a considerable assignment, it must be carried out by trained professionals and follow established standards, such as NBR 13133, which regulates conditions for different purposes for the topographic survey. This paper seeks to identify the flaws in the topographic survey and demonstrate ways to solve them, using techniques and following standards. After studies and investigations, the present article consists of evidencing the errors related to measurements, using the GNSS L1/L2 post-processed equipment, from two stations to measure the accuracy and difference of the area determined in the planialtimetric survey and the area indicated in the registration of the batch. These errors were caused due to POD (precision dilution) variations, originated from the vegetation density on the terrain. The difference in value identified was 1.11% of the rectified lot for the area shown in the registration. The method used to solve the problem was the use of the Trimble Survey Office Mobile Program.