Sentimentos e significados vivenciados pelo paciente após transplante cardíaco: revisão sistemática e metassíntese

Abstract

Introduction: The heart transplantation is the treatment of choice for refractory heart failure to the clinical treatment. The feelings and anxieties experienced by the receiver may influence directly in the evolution and prognosis. Objective: To know the feelings and meanings experienced by the patient after heart transplantation. Method: Systematic review and meta synthesis. Results: From 976 studies found, four reached the criteria of inclusion proposed to this study. After analyzing of the results, emerged the following categories: Category I: Feelings and positive perceptions: a) New look before life, b) Transformation and renovation, c) Autonomy and independence and d) Gratitude to the team of health professionals. Category II: Feelings and negative perceptions: a) Insecurity, b) Discrimination related to the idea of fragility and incapacitation, c) Limitation related to the new style of life and d) Fear related to the difficulty of reinsert in the market of work. Category III: Feelings related to the donor: a) Gratitude and debt, b) Guilt and sadness, c) Connection “mystic” with the donor and d) Feeling of not belonging. Category IV: Perception of teenager: childhood resumption. Conclusion: The Heart transplantation promotes a range of feelings and perceptions very much distinguished and for times antagonistic, that runs through happiness and sadiness, from gratitude to guilt, such feelings rebound greatly in the accession of therapeutic treatment. The knowledge of these feelings and meanings by the professionals of health. May be translated into an effective and efficient assistance giving the patients tools and mechanisms for facing up this new reality of life.