Dislexia e processamento auditivo: Revisão sistemática da literatura

Abstract

Dyslexia is a learning disorder characterized by difficulties in the skills of recognizing, coding and decoding words. Such abilities depend on the proper functioning of the auditory processing, to ensure the fluency of the reading. Considering that alterations of the auditory processing can influence negatively in the reading processes, the present work had, as an objective, to carry out a bibliographic survey of the main studies that addressed dyslexia of the phonological subtype and auditory processing between the years 2010 and 2020, searching for evidence of which skills could be altered in the auditory processing of students with dyslexia. The survey was conducted from the databases Scielo, LILACS, Pubmed and Google academic, following the combination of descriptors: dyslexia, auditory processing and school. We found (n=24) studies, of which (n=6) were used because they were consistent with the research. Much of the studies related reading and writing deficits in dyslexia to failures in temporal processing skills associated with cortical malformation. In addition, flaws in the background skills, deficits in sound perception, auditory integration and short-term memory were also observed, in addition to the contribution of the right hemisphere to auditory processing deficits in dyslexia. The survey concluded that failures in these skills can affect the perception of speech sounds, with consequent impairment of reading and writing for dyslexic schoolchildren, in addition to the need for intervention in both hemispheres, in order to enhance therapeutic objectives with a multidisciplinary approach.