Influência da remoção do meristema apical na produtividade de diferentes variedades de soja

Abstract

Soy (Glycine max) is one of the most produced grains worldwide and has a large share in the economic development of Brazil. To increase production, methods and techniques must be applied, as well as technologies that allow more to be produced in less space, as the demand for food grows more and more. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate the reproductive development of different varieties of soybean submitted to the apical meristem removal technique, under greenhouse conditions. The experiment was conducted in the city of Floresta (PR), using the varieties Brasmax Garra IPRO, Pioneer 96R10 IPRO, Donmario 66i68 IPRO, Monsoy 6410 IPRO and Agroeste 3680 IPRO. The treatments consisted of cultivating each variety for 120 days, with or without apical pruning when the plants reached 40 cm in height (approximately 50 days after sowing), totaling ten treatments. The experimental design was completely randomized, with 4 repetitions of each treatment. At the end of the experiment, the number of nodes on the main stem, number of pods per plant, number of grains per plant and weight of 1000 grains were verified. The data were subjected to analysis of variance and the means were compared by Student's t test at 5% significance. It was found that the removal of the apical meristem reduced all the analyzed parameters of all studied soybean varieties, probably due to the low plant recovery to the physical damage generated by pruning, and further studies are needed to determine the appropriate period for this pruning. practice in the varieties and conditions analyzed.