Influência do tabaco no perfil periodontal de pacientes atendidos na clínica odontológica da Unicesumar Londrina-Pr

Abstract

Smoking continues to be a global public health challenge, with around 1.25 billion adult smokers worldwide, according to a WHO report. Smoking is associated with several chronic diseases. Tobacco smoke contains harmful chemicals that affect periodontal tissues, contributing to the development of periodontitis, a multifactorial chronic inflammatory condition associated with systemic conditions such as diabetes and hypertension. However, the association between smoking, periodontitis and systemic conditions lacks comprehensive epidemiological studies. This study evaluated 208 clinical records of smokers, patients with hypertension and diabetes at the dental clinic of Cesumar University. Clinical data and periograms were analyzed according to the new periodontal classification, using statistical tests with a significance level of p < 0.05. The results showed that 73.56% of the patients had periodontitis. Stage IV periodontitis was more common in smokers (50.00%), and rapid progression of the disease was observed in 96.55% of smokers with hypertension. The analysis suggests that the combination of smoking and morbidities such as hypertension is associated with greater severity of periodontitis, highlighting the need for more careful clinical management of these patients.