Tratamento fisioterapêutico na luxação anterior do ombro: revisão de literatura

Abstract

The anterior dislocation of the shoulder accounts for 96% to 98% of shoulder dislocations, with direct trauma considered the most common mechanism for this type of dislocation. Considering the dislocation mechanism, individuals may experience functional limitations that negatively impact their quality of life. Thus, this study aimed to provide evidence regarding physiotherapeutic intervention protocols in the functional recovery post anterior shoulder dislocation. This is a literature review conducted on the Scielo, PubMed, Lilacs, and PEDro databases in Portuguese, English, and Spanish languages, during the publication period between 2013 and August 2023. The search was performed using the keywords shoulder dislocation, luxación del hombro, and luxação do ombro. After observing inclusion and exclusion criteria, two articles were selected for the study construction. The results of this research highlighted that self-management protocols with functional exercises focusing on coordination, range of motion, balance, and proprioception with an emphasis on muscle strength gain and return to daily activities can be employed as a treatment method in anterior shoulder dislocation, with better functional outcomes when supervised by physiotherapists. Additionally, the research pointed out the scarcity of articles on physiotherapeutic intervention protocols post anterior shoulder dislocation, emphasizing the need for further studies on the topic.