Avaliação dos métodos de propagação assexuada na produção de mudas de pera

Abstract

The pear is considered an important alternative for diversifying the production of temperate fruit in the southern region of Brazil. Mainly due to the edaphoclimatic conditions conducive to its cultivation and the infrastructure established by the apple production chain. However, attempts to produce the fruit in greater quantity and quality have resulted, in most cases, in technically and economically deficient orchards. Taking into account the need for pear cultivation in new studies to improve its production system, the objective of this work is to evaluate the vegetative propagation of pear seedlings using the grafting and merging methods. The work was carried out in the Recanto Salvador farm between May and December 2020, in the city of Maringá-PR. In the farm there is a pear tree in production for approximately 4 years, this plant was used as a matrix to evaluate the asexual propagation methods to be studied in this experiment. Two treatments were evaluated using the graft propagation method and two methods in Alporquia. Each treatment contained 5 repetitions, the experimental unit being one plant per 20 L pot, filled with sand and substrate. The design was in blocks, with the pots grown in an open field. It is concluded through this work that in relation to the asexual propagation methods of layering and grafting, respectively, it is of essential importance for the regeneration of the graft that indolburic acid is used for better development of the aerial part and mineral fertilizer on the substrate for the best development root.